Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) has a dismal prognosis and is one of the second malignant neoplasms which could be encountered by pediatric oncologist more frequently. Between October 2000 and September 2016, 16 patients who had primary solid tumors were diagnosed with t-AML at the Seoul National University Children’s Hospital. The median patient age at the time of diagnosis of the primary solid tumors was 9.6 years (range, 0.1–15.4 years), and that of t-AML was 14.0 years (range, 4.7–23.9 years). The median latency period from the end of the primary tumor treatment to the diagnosis of t-AML was 29 months (range, 6–130 months). Twelve patients achieved complete remission. Of them, only 7 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rates and event-free survival rates were 33.7 ± 12.2% and 26.9 ± 11.5% respectively. The patients who underwent HSCT showed favorable 5-year OS rates (57.1 ± 18.7%), while the 5-year OS rates of those who did not undergo HSCT was 0%. This study demonstrated that an achievement of CR and a subsequent HSCT can be the optimum solution for the treatment of t-AML, and this strategy showed an acceptable outcome.